In the encryption scheme, the new chaotic system was used as the measurement matrix for compressed sensing, and Arnold was used for scrambling the image further. The performance analysis showed that the chaotic system has two positive Lyapunov exponents and high complexity. In the paper “Image Encryption Scheme with Compressed Sensing Based on New Three-Dimensional Chaotic System”, Yaqin Xie, Jiayin Yu, Shiyu Guo, Qun Ding, and Erfu Wang proposed a new three-dimensional chaotic system for image encryption. Therefore, the chaotic system was discretized and implemented by Digital signal processing (DSP) technology, and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and approximate entropy analyses were computed. They observed coexisting attractors and multistability that could be used to obtain a pseudorandom sequence generator for digital encryption systems. In the paper “Coexisting Attractors and Multistability in a Simple Memristive Wien-Bridge Chaotic Circuit”, Yixuan Song, Fang Yuan, and Yuxia Li presented a new absolute voltage-controlled memristor and described the construction of a simple three-order Wien-bridge chaotic circuit without inductor on the basis of the proposed memristor. They found that the polynomial chaotic maps satisfy the Li–Yorke definition of chaos, and through the existence and stability analysis of fixed points, they proved that such class quadratic polynomial maps cannot have hidden chaotic attractors. In the paper “A Class of Quadratic Polynomial Chaotic Maps and Their Fixed Points Analysis”, Chuanfu Wang and Qun Ding studied a class of quadratic polynomial chaotic maps. By calculating the entropy, energy, and homogeneity of attractors’ images and basins of attraction, they showed an increase in the complexity of attractors when changing the bifurcation parameters. Alsaadi, Tasawar Hayat, and Viet-Thanh Pham proposed a modified nonlinear oscillator which has an infinite number of coexisting torus attractors, strange attractors, and limit cycle attractors. In the paper “A Giga-Stable Oscillator with Hidden and Self-Excited Attractors: A Megastable Oscillator Forced by His Twin”, Thoai Phu Vo, Yeganeh Shaverdi, Abdul Jalil M. The overall purpose of the second volume of this Special Issue is to gather the latest scientific advances on topics of dynamics, entropy, fractional-order calculus, and applications in complex systems with hidden attractors and self-excited attractors. There is evidence that the mentioned dynamics play a vital role in various fields ranging from living systems (economics, neural networks, neural computing, neurostimulation, and so on) to nonliving systems (control theory, circuits, memristors, encryption, random number generators, etc.). By introducing a fractional order for the derivatives of dynamical systems, the memory properties can be also considered. Additionally, in complex systems with hidden and self-excited attractors, several behaviors, such as multistability, extreme multistability, coexisting attractors, and transient chaos, can be observed as functions of the system’s parameters and initial conditions. Nonlinear complexity measures may include fractal dimensions, correlation dimension, Lyapunov exponents, K-S entropy, approximate entropy, permutation entropy, and multiscale entropy. In this framework, it is essential to study the complexity of nonlinear systems. Hence, the paradigm of deterministic chaos for complex nonlinear systems is becoming increasingly popular for its attractive concept and successful real-world applications. While a self-excited attractor presents a basin of attraction associated with an unstable equilibrium, a hidden attractor has a basin of attraction that does not intersect with small neighborhoods of the unstable equilibrium. $$Ĭonclusion: Now we get the expected result.According to the pioneering work of Leonov and Kuznetsov, the attractors in complex systems can be classified as self-excited and hidden attractors. As shown at How does entropy depend on location and scale?, the integral is easily reduced (via an appropriate change of variable) to the case $\gamma=1$, for which
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In order for suede products to have a well-groomed appearance, use special care products for such shoes.Just rub it on problem areas, and then brush your shoes. Small grease spots can be removed with a school eraser. Important! Remember to protect your hands with rubber gloves. Soak a cotton swab in this solution and apply to problem areas.Mix alcohol with water in a ratio of 1 to 10.The rest of the solution can not be washed off.Make a solution: for 1 liter of water, add 1 teaspoon of vinegar.Soak a clean washcloth or cloth in this solution and apply to problem areas.In a glass of warm milk, add a teaspoon of soda and a few drops of ammonia.How to remove stains from suede shoes? Milk will help us, it will remove not only greasy stains, but also any other dirt: Apply the resulting foam with a brush to the contaminated surface.To solve this problem, you can use a detergent for delicate fabrics: Sometimes after removing the stains, dirty areas remain on the surface of the suede. Apply the resulting foam to the problem area and leave for a few minutes.Add 1 teaspoon of the product to a glass of water and whisk the solution until foam is obtained.Important! River sand can be used instead of salt. How to remove oil stains from suede shoes? Heat salt in a frying pan, put it in a scarf or sock and apply it to the suede. Then boil a kettle or pot of water and hold your shoes over the steam for a few minutes. Soak a sponge or cotton swab in this solution and treat the contaminated area. In a glass of warm water, add 1 teaspoon of soap and 2 teaspoons of ammonia.You can repeat the procedure several times until all the fat is absorbed by the chalk. Rub the stain with ammonia, and sprinkle with chalk powder on top.The remaining crust can be easily removed with a regular clothes brush. It must be applied to the stained area and left to harden. Mix one of the proposed components with ammonia until a thick slurry is obtained. In addition to ammonia, you will need tooth powder, starch or crushed chalk.Smooth out the pile with a special brush.Īmmonia in combination with other components will help get rid of even old stains:.Rub the mixture into the stain and wipe off any residue with a dry cloth.You will get a gruel that you need to apply to the problem area and leave for half an hour.Mix equal parts gasoline and potato starch.There is another way to use gasoline, it is safer, but no less effective: Important! Be careful, gasoline is a strong solvent and can burn through suede. Wipe the area immediately with a clean cloth soaked in a solution of ammonia and soap.It is better to use purified or aviation. To get rid of stubborn dirt, you can use gasoline. Then shake off with a brush, if necessary - repeat the procedure.We fall asleep abundantly with talcum oil on the oily area and leave it for several hours.Important! Instead of talc, you can use flour, starch, crushed chalk or baby powder. Talc is perfectly absorbed by fat, it can be purchased at any pharmacy. The easiest way to get rid of fat is to cover it with talcum powder. How do you remove oil stains from suede shoes? There are several effective and simple ways. If your shoes do not have any other dirt, except for the ill-fated greasy stain, and they are dry, then you can start cleaning. Important! Do not put shoes to dry on a battery or in a dryer - this can damage the suede. Then - you need to wash off the remnants of the solution from the shoes with clean water.Take a soft cloth and carefully clean the shoes.The solution for cleaning shoes is ready. Pour warm water into the bath, dissolve a little soap there and add a little ammonia.
It lets you know when to do things like prune and trellis your plants, as well as when to start harvesting. An additional digital layout for referenceįor Garden Design Customers, you will receive access to your very own Garden Assistant Isabella who will send you updates along your gardening journey.A plant shopping list with information on where you can buy them.Detailed information about each plant in your design.This gives you access to all of the information you need regarding your design including: The product pages will have guides on how to order.Īs soon as you place an order we automatically set up your account and upload your design. If the product you are looking at has multiple sections be sure to select the correct quantity for each. The dimensions of the design are included in the product details. Not only does the Garden Map set you up for simple installation, but it will also block weeds for many years to come. This custom-made landscape fabric has your professionally designed template printed directly on it. Your order will include your Garden Map Physical Layout. We always recommend buying landscape fabric anyway to help protect your new design from those pesky weeds which require hours of maintenance to control. But remember the Garden Map printed layouts will decrease your installation times by up to 70%! This option will always be available even when the product is out of stock. We try to make these as easy as possible to read and even include a special ruler on the side to help with measuring out your garden space. You will have access to detailed scaled layouts, planting information, plant lists, and installation instructions. If you are comfortable reading a scaled schematic and think you can handle the installation without the extra help, this option may be for you. This option will give you access to the full suite of customer dashboard functionality but only provides the layouts in a. The Digital download does not come with the physical printed layout Garden Map on our custom-made landscape fabric. We currently have two purchasing options: Digital Download Purchase So the figures we share here are guidelines to give you a starting point. And there’s a huge array of amenities, which makes offering up a price for a pool a real challenge. Same with a pool - it starts to get fancier with more amenities. You expect more features if you shop for a $70,000 car. It would be a basic pool, with sidewalk style paving around it. Just like you can buy a $25,000 Kia, you can buy a $25,000 pool. Same thing with pools.Ī customer looking for a Maserati is not looking for the same features as the customer shopping for a Kia. There are $25,000 cars out there and $250,000 cars out there. It helps to think of a pool purchase in terms of a car purchase. That said, let’s take a look at some of the typical costs, to give you a starting point. So you can see why plunking a price tag on that question is a tough thing to do. Our typical customer wants a pool, but they also want a patio, and maybe an adjacent fire pit. The other important factor to consider is that typically, you’re not just buying a swimming pool. These days, pools come in all sorts of custom sizes and shapes, with all sorts of price tags. But there’s no such thing as standard anymore. Maybe you’d choose a 16×32 pool, an 18×36 or a kidney-shaped pool. There used to be just a few types of pools available. Here at Neave Pools, we hear it all the time.įirst, there’s no easy one-size-fits-all answer. “How much does a pool installation cost?” This is the question everybody asks. Runner-Up: Prodeus Best SRPG/TRPG on Steam Deck Triangle Strategy Prodeus, our runner-up, is a brilliant boomer shooter with tons of levels through the community creations, and a banging soundtrack. The third person shooter and skater hybrid has an addictive gameplay loop, precise controls, great music, and a lovely stylish aesthetic making it our best FPS/Shooter on Steam Deck. Rollerdrome, on the other hand, was a big surprise. Roll7 already impressed me with OlliOlli World on Steam Deck and Switch, but given the developer’s prior games, it wasn’t as big of a surprise. Runner-Up: Yomawari: Lost in the Dark Best FPS/Shooter on Steam Deck Rollerdrome NIS America’s Yomawari: Lost in the Dark, a lovely third entry in the horror series, is our runner-up for best horror game on Steam Deck. It has a superlative atmosphere, stunning art, and an excellent soundtrack. Signalis, our winner for best horror game on Steam Deck, is a shockingly good horror experience that I recommend to any fan of the genre. Signalis is an indie horror game that is in my top 10 games of the year on both Switch and Steam Deck. Runner-Up: Immortality Best Horror Game on Steam Deck Signalis It delivers the full experience with no visual compromises on the go. Immortality is our runner-up, for best puzzle game on Steam Deck. It is the rare experience with no padding. It gives you a lot of freedom with how you can approach things, and reminds me of why I enjoyed Lucas Pope’s Return of the Obra Dinn. The Case of the Golden Idol, our winner for best puzzle game on Steam Deck, is a surprisingly challenging and inventive mystery puzzle game. Runner-Up: Sonic Frontiers Best Puzzle Game on Steam Deck The Case of the Golden Idol It is our runner-up for the best open world game on Steam Deck. While not traditional open world and more open zone, Sonic Frontiers has open world game elements and is a lot of fun to play. It is our winner for the best open world game on Steam Deck. It excels above Marvel’s Spider-Man Remastered, and delivers a tighter experience with better combat. Marvel’s Spider-Man Miles Morales is one of the best open world games in a long time, and it plays like a dream on Steam Deck. Runner-Up: AI The Somnium Files – nirvanA Initiative Best Open World Game on Steam Deck Marvel’s Spider-Man Miles Morales AI: THE SOMNIUM FILES – nirvanA Initiative is our runner-up for best adventure game on Steam Deck. AI: THE SOMNIUM FILES – nirvanA Initiative is a massive step up from the already brilliant original with superlative writing, great voice acting, and amazing characters like Tama. Pentiment, our winner for the best adventure game on Steam Deck, running natively is a joy, and the best way to experience Microsoft’s best game since Forza Horizon 4 a few years ago. I prefer playing them on a portable, and didn’t want to deal with streaming. Runner-Up: Neon White Best Adventure Game on Steam Deck Pentimentĭespite owning this on Xbox from day one, I didn’t make much progress in Pentiment because I can’t enjoy adventure games and visual novels on the big screen. I’ve replayed it on Deck after reviewing it on Switch, and enjoyed every bit of the gameplay. Neon White, our runner-up, has a few performance issues on Switch, but is flawless on Steam Deck out of the box. It is the best way to experience Capcom’s newest Monster Hunter game, and a damn fine experience in general. I played through the entirety of Sunbreak on Steam Deck with almost no issues. Runner-Up: Final Fantasy VII Remake Best Action Game on Steam Deck Monster Hunter Rise: Sunbreakīoth Monster Hunter Rise and the huge Monster Hunter Rise: Sunbreak expansion were released on PC this year. If you haven’t played Elden Ring yet, it is discounted for the first time, and an easy recommendation for Steam Deck owners willing to take on a challenging but massively rewarding game. It took many months for the performance issues to properly be addressed, and Elden Ring was a great experience on Steam Deck almost from day one thanks to the work Valve put into it. No better way to start the awards than with the category I struggled the most with eh? I adore both Elden Ring and Final Fantasy VII Remake, but Elden Ring wins the best RPG award thanks to how it was the best PC version of the game for a long time. This genre list is in no particular order. This list has my favorites from 2022 across many genres. Taking inspiration from Shaun’s Genre Awards for SwitchArcade each year, I wanted to highlight specific games on Steam Deck across genres I’ve been paying attention to. Fixed an issue that would prevent themes from being saved with a hyphen in the name.Fixed file link creation when using Dropbox for Business.Online search in the Compose window now uses the selected search engine in Preferences | Options > General.Fixed an issue that could prevent drag-n-drop of images from a sharing folder into the Compose window.Fixed several login issues with Cloud File Sharing.Refactored the loading animation to improve performance.Fixed a glitch with toolbar button rendering on macOS Big Sur.
Real materials are more complicated, of course, but the general result holds that there is a relationshipīetween interparticle distances within the sample and the angles at which the scattered intensity is the Θ is half the scattering angle 2 θ shown above. ), λ is the wavelength of the x-ray beam, and For the simplest possible sample, consisting of sheets of charge separated by a distance d,Ĭonstructive interference (greater scattered intensity) is observed when By convention, the angle between the incoming and outgoing beam directions is calledĢθ. In its most simplified form, a generic X-ray scattering measurement is shown below.Ī beam of X-rays is directed towards a sample, and the scattered intensity is measured as a function Provides information about the internal structure on length scales from 0.1 to 100 nm. XRD produces a diffraction pattern, which does not superficially resemble the underlying structure, and (X-ray tomography isĪlso widely used in other fields such as materials science and metallurgy.) In contrast, the Structure inside the body or object (typically a length scales of a millimeter or above), making it an invaluable tool for doctors. Therefore, the transmitted image provides a direct image of the The X-rays are absorbed more strongly by some materials than others-for example, bone or tumorsĪbsorb more than muscle or fat. Patterns produced by soap bubbles, in which different colors are viewed in different directions. This is qualitatively similar to the colorful Resulting in a pattern of higher and lower intensities. When X-rays scatter from a substance with structure at that length scale, XRD relies on the fact that X-rays are a form of light, with wavelengths on the order of It works best for materials that are crystalline or partiallyĬrystalline (i.e., that have periodic structural order) but is also used to study non-crystalline materials. X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a non-destructive technique for analyzing the structure of materials, primarilyĪt the atomic or molecular level. What is involved in calibrating an XRD instrument with an area detector? How are x-ray area detector data analyzed? What are the components of an x-ray diffraction instrument? What types of measurement are typically made? Tutorial videos on X-ray scattering techniques. The analysis of data from x-ray "area" or "two-dimensional"įield may identify exceptions to some statements that made in this document, butĪn effort has been made to strike the right balance between simplicity and accuracy.įor a more in-depth presentation of the same topics, Paul XRD instruments are constructed, we go into some depth in describing This document provides an introduction to the basics of x-rayĭiffraction (XRD), aimed primarily at scientists and engineers whoĪre not experts in the field but who are interested in using XRD as a tool.Īfter describing what can be learned from XRD, and how typical
And the less you have to charge your batteries, the less you’ll pay on your electrical bill!Ī lithium golf cart battery has more power than a comparably sized SLA battery. Over the life of the battery, you’ll spend far less on maintenance costs.But that’s not all. This means they last longer.And the longer your batteries last, the less you’ll spend on replacements. This means you won’t expose yourself to the chemicals inside even when you inspect them for wear and tear.Īs we said earlier, lithium batteries can go through more charge cycles than SLA batteries. They have protected cells that generate the power you need. After all, you’re out on the course using the cart, not storing it for weeks at a time.Quality lithium batteries don’t contain the same acids as standard SLA models. And the only way to prevent them is to keep the batteries properly charged and stored at all times.For most golf cart owners, that’s not an option. These spills are hazardous to the components of your golf cart, the environment, and your health. It’s part of what makes the battery hold a charge and produce electricity that your golf cart uses to run.If the battery leaks or the casing corrodes, you’ll have to face an acid spill. SLA batteries are full of corrosive acid. This means they’re the most eco-friendly battery type on the market! All you need to do is find a licensed battery recycling drop-off location. But some batteries are harder to recycle than others.Lithium batteries are easier to recycle and put less strain on the environment. Once you’re ready to replace your batteries, you can recycle them. This means less time tinkering and more time perfecting your swing. All you need to do is inspect the connections and clean them as needed. If the cells in the battery go dry, the battery stops holding a charge.Though it only takes a few minutes to service your batteries, it’s still time you’re spending away from the golf course.Lithium batteries are virtually maintenance-free. But if you have SLA batteries, you’ll need to maintain them as well.These batteries need to get topped off with distilled water every few months. When you bought your golf cart, you probably thought the only maintenance you’d need to do would be to the cart itself. Lithium batteries handle more charge cycles than SLA models, letting you get more out of each unit. The more you use the battery, the lower its total capacity gets. After several hundred charge cycles, the battery will stop charging to 100 percent. This means you’ll need to plug the golf cart in more often once the batteries reach their maximum number of charge cycles.So, what exactly counts as a charge cycle? One cycle is when the battery goes from fully charged to completely empty. Less power means less drain on the batteries, so you can expect a longer-lasting charge cycle with each use.Īll batteries, whether SLA or lithium, can get charged a set number of times before they start losing their ability to hold a charge.The more you use the battery, the less charge it holds. This makes your golf cart easier to maneuver and helps you reach a comfortable speed faster.As an added bonus, lighter golf carts need less power to move. Worse, if you’re playing on damp turf, the cart will sink in.No one wants to be responsible for leaving tire tracks on the fairway.Lithium golf cart batteries are much lighter. And the heavier your golf cart is, the slower it’ll move across the course. And the longer you want your battery to last, the heavier the unit will be.These batteries make even the zippiest light-weight golf cart incredibly heavy. It should come as no surprise that standard sealed lead acid (SLA) batteries are incredibly heavy. IPVanish VPN is one of the most secure and fastest VPN in the world. I use IPVanish VPN on my all streaming device and I suggest you to do the same. Most of the Kodi addons are illegal and you could get into serious trouble if you caught streaming free movies, tv shows, and sports.Ī good VPN hides your identity and bypass geo-blocked content. If you are streaming through Kodi add-ons & builds, Make sure you have an active VPN subscription in your device. Government and ISPs across the world monitor their user’s online activity. Watch Kodi on Roku Safely With IPVanish VPN You can now launch Kodi for streaming movies and TV shows directly on your Roku device. Once you approve the request, your Windows PC screen will be mirrored on your Roku device. You will see the connection prompt on Roku.
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